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Pz gen |
Most noteworthy Battleship of WWII |
Lead | |
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Posts: 47 (01/08/04 16:08:33) |
A bit subjective...but which was the most noteworthy Battleship of WWII?
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SGM Maciborski |
Re: Most noteworthy Battleship of WWII | ||
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Posts: 158 (01/08/04 19:45:19) |
Most people will say the Bismark.
Some will say the Yamoto I will say old miss show me. |
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Pz gen |
HMS WARSPITE | ||
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Posts: 47 (01/08/04 21:10:47) |
For me...HMS WARSPITE....she had a real battleship's career.
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terasjykke |
Re: HMS WARSPITE | ||
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Posts: 23 (01/09/04 00:08:30) |
Did any other battleship than Bismarc sunk another battleship in battle during WWII?
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Motorfix |
Bismark | ||
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Posts: 31 (01/09/04 00:57:00) |
Technically, the Bismark did not sink a battleship. The HMS Hood was a battlecruiser.
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Dave AAA |
Re: HMS WARSPITE | ||
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Posts: 315 (01/09/04 02:42:24) |
SCHARNHORST was sunk 26 December 1943 by HMS DUKE OF YORK off North Cape of Norway. While many people call her a battlecruiser, her offical designation appears to have been "Schlagtshiff" i.e. battleship.
KIRISHIMA was sunk 15 November 1942 by USS WASHINGTON off Guadalcanal. She was originally built as a battlecruiser, but was redesignated as a battleship after being rebuilt in the 1930's. |
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SGM Maciborski |
Re: HMS WARSPITE | ||
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Posts: 158 (01/09/04 04:23:21) |
There was also the surface action during the battle of Layte Gulf. If not mistaken, the Japs lost a couple of BBs and CAs
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Dave AAA |
Re: HMS WARSPITE | ||
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Posts: 315 (01/09/04 06:28:41) |
Quite right I forgot one.
YAMASHIRO was sunk early in the morning of 25 October 1944 by a task force including the US battleships WEST VIRGINIA, TENNESSEE, CALIFORNIA, MARYLAND, MISSISSIPPI (fired one salvo), and PENNSYLVANIA (did not fire) in Surigao Strait during the Battle for Leyte Gulf. Her sister ship, FUSO, was sunk in the same battle by destroyer torpedoes a few hours earlier. |
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Tiornu |
Re: Most noteworthy Battleship of WWII | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/09/04 09:15:18) |
"Noteworthy." Bismarck is certainly the most famous. Warspite, in my opinion, had the best career.
During the attack on Mers el Kebir, Bretagne was destroyed by 15in gunfire. Hood is usually credited with that. This includes the only instance I know of in which a single battleship shell struck two different battleships. One of Hood's 15-inchers ricocheted off Dunkerque's turret and hit Bretagne. |
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Tiornu |
Re: Most noteworthy Battleship of WWII | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/10/04 09:41:34) |
Most powerful: Yamato class
Most beautiful: rebuilt Cavour class Most repulsive: rebuilt Fuso Most wart-like: Nelson class Best all-around: Iowa class Most well-rounded: Richelieu class Most flawed: Scharnhorst class Most under-rated: Littorio class Most over-rated: (tie) Iowa and Bismarck classes Any glaring mistakes? |
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Pz gen |
Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 47 (01/10/04 17:58:23) |
I think you left out:
Saw most action: QE Class. |
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USAFcop |
Re: Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 136 (01/10/04 19:24:23) |
I have a problem with Yamato being called "most powerful". Just cause it had the biggest guns it doesnt tell the whole story. Yamato's shells were optomized for underwater performance and werent on the level of Iowas projectiles. Iowa had much better fire control/gun radar The Iowas secondarys and AA guns were superior "Yamato AA suite sucked". The Iowas could outshoot the Yamato and the 16" projectiles did everything the 18.1's could and with much less barrel wear. Iowa could more more shells onto target, faster, and more accurately. Also Iowas armor was constructed better, and placed better. She was certainly the equal in armor protection to the Yamato. Iowa was also faster. |
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Tiornu |
Re: Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/11/04 00:17:43) |
Correct. The superior power of Yamato's guns doesn't tell the whole story. It's a combination of her firepower, protection, and mobility.
Any notion that a 2700-lb shell can do everything that a 3219-lb shell should be dismissed on its face. But when we give it some consideration, we can see exactly why it's so incorrect. The 18.1in shell carries a much larger charge of an explosive more powerful than the 16in shells. Penetration against face-hardened (vertical) armor is superior for the larger shell at all ranges (depending on numerous variables). It is not as subject to base-whip. The advantages for the US shell are its superior proofing conditions and its more stable explosive. Penetration against deck armor is also better, depending again on numerous variables. The destructive effects of a shell with 20% more kinetic energy and 20% more chemical energy--how can the weaker shell be said to do everything the larger shell can do? And we've completely glossed over the superior Japanese underwater trajectory. Anyone with armor schematics can judge for himself which ship is better-armored. It's not even close. How was Iowa's armor placed better? Iowa had superior FC, both LA and HA, and better AA weaponry. She was faster and longer-ranged. She was a better over-all value, especially when gauged against their relative tonnages. |
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USAFcop |
Re: Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 136 (01/12/04 20:51:24) |
In the practical world there was nothing the 18.1" shells of the Yamato could do that the Iowas gun couldnt. In a fair match the Iowa would have won. I make this statement based on a combination of factors, the first of which is the American 16" shells were just plain better. The Iowas fire control/radar was better and the 16" shells were more ballistically effecient then the larger ones. The Japs paid a heavy price for the larger shells in terms of barrel wear. The Iowas used better steel plateing, STS steel, and had sensitive areas of the ship better protected. The theory behind Yamato was to just plate everything,everywhere. """"""""""""GENERAL COMMENTS: This was the most complex category in terms of trying to quantify and simplify a rating. After all, each of these vessels was designed to operate in a different anticipated threat environment than the others. Bismarck, for instance, was designed for combat in the North Atlantic. Her designers anticipated weather and visibility conditions such as had prevailed at Jutland in WWI. As a result, she was optimized for short-range, flat-trajectory combats. Her armor scheme reflects this, with an armor layout that makes it fantastically difficult to put a shell into her vitals at short range, but which is vulnerable to long-range fire, and which reduces the total amount of protected volume in the vessel by carrying her armor deck lower in the ship than her contemporaries. By the same token, Yamato was simply built to stand up to and utterly outclass any conceivable American or British opponent by sheer weight of gunfire, and elephant-like armor. As such, hers is a sort of 'brute force' approach to protection. Her armor layout isn't the most efficient, but she has a lot of armor, so it doesn't really matter. American and French battleships were designed to do less with more, with the South Dakota, for instance, being perhaps the best protected warship, pound for pound, ever built. One reason the Americans in particular came out with such good designs is that they could afford to. America poured tons of money into making the propulsion plants of their vessels more efficient, meaning that the resulting ships were relatively smaller and armor box correspondingly small. This, in turn, led to the ability to use the armor more heavily in the protected region. By the same token, American BBs, alone of contemporary battleship designs, had hull plating and interior works which were constructed entirely of Special Treatment Steel (STS), a very tough light armor steel, whereas contemporary designs usually reserved such steels for important splinter-proofing locales. The United States alone was capabe of affording such extravagances."""""""""" """"""""""I based my ratings extensively upon the work of Nathan Okun. From his paper detailing the usage of Bismarck's 15"/47 gun to shoot at all seven of 'The Contenduh's', I extracted a quantification of the total zones of vulnerability, for both deck and belt armor, of each of the seven ships. If you want the really gory details on how I did this, click here. Suffice it to say that I am surprised as you that Iowa has the most effective belt armor of the lot; I would have bet on Yamato any day. But Iowa's combination of an inclined belt, and a highly effective STS-steel shell plate outboard of the belt (which has just enough resistance to strip the AP cap off of an incoming shell) tips the score in her favor. Richelieu also had this same design, and very good protection as a result. Bismarck, despite the reputation of her side armor, fares very poorly in this category. From a deck armor perspective, Yamato comes out on top, followed closely again by Richelieu and Iowa. Vittorio Veneto is very vulnerable to high-angle fire, and Bismarck is as well. Yamato thus emerges as the best armored of the lot, followed closely by Iowa and Richelieu. This makes perfect sense to me, as Yamato also had the distinction of carrying the only armor plates which were completely impervious to any battleship weapon ever mounted afloat -- her 660mm turret faceplates. She was, indeed, an awesome beast. It makes the American and French feats of achieving protection within a hair as good, on much smaller displacements (particularly the South Dakota, which has the second smallest displacement of the seven warships detailed here), a very impressive feat as well. On the bottom of the heap, Vittorio Veneto and Bismarck were both penalized for their inability to cope with a long-range gun duel. Bismarck also suffered from the poorest belt armor of the lot""""""""""""" |
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Tiornu |
Re: Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/12/04 22:41:48) |
Numbered for easy reference!
1) Is there any basis for saying the 16in shell was ballistically more efficient? 2) Why harp on barrel wear? Yamato had an average barrel life. What's this "heavy price" you're referring to? 3) How is the shell that causes less damage considered to be superior? 4) "The theory behind Yamato was to just plate everything, everywhere." You need to realize how extremely wrong this statement is. There are many good sources for info on Yamato's armor; it should be fairly easy to track one down. |
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USAFcop |
Re: Saw most action | ||
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Posts: 136 (01/14/04 16:48:51) |
You know I typed this whole thing out and accidently changed pages, which wiped out my answer. I'll do it again but cant write all this out again now |
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Tiornu |
Oh yeah | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/14/04 18:53:20) |
I hate when that happens. Stings, don't it?
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binder001 |
"most noteworthy"... | ||
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Posts: 16 (01/15/04 08:13:53) |
We have to define "most noteworthy"...
Technical merit: theres a lot to be said for the Bismarck-class, the Yamato-class and the Iowa-class. Only one of the Bismarcks saw significant naval action, the Yamatos were so prized by the Japanese navy that they were reluctant to expose them to danger until late in the war when US airpower disposed of them. The Iowas never got to fire a shot at any significant naval target, but did return their building expense over their long lives. Most action: I think the HMS Warspite clearly wins this one. From Jutland in WW1 through Walcheran Island bombardment the old Warspite was in the thick of it. Narvik, action in the Med, DDay. Those 15-inch guns hurt the Germans and Italians over and over. Most beatiful: totally subjective. Personally I think the Iowas are about the most beautiful warships ever built. The South Dakotas have a squat "tough" look like a fist fighter. The King George V's have a purposeful look. The Bismarck's have a "bad guy" look to them, the Yamatos were truly Japanese. The French battleshiups look like they tried to combine power and beauty and totally failed at both! The Italians made a pretty ship, but sacrificed function and protection. Best name recognition: a three way tie (in the US) between the Bismarck, the Missouri and the Arizona. Best Value: the Warspite and several other Queen Elizabeths paid for them selves over and over. The Iowas ended up as good investments. The Bismarck achieved limited success but never succeeded at her primary mission (stopping convoys to Britain) her loss led to such concern it made the Tirpitz a waste of money and effort. Tirpitz's only success was in tying up a bunch of British combat elements that could have been used elsewhere. The Yamato's were a huge expense and never really came close to paying for themselves. Noteworthy events: the ancient Schleswig-Holstein fired about the first shots of WW2 when she opened fire on Danzig, Poland in 1939. The war ended on the decks of the USS Missouri in 1945. In between battleships were associated with many noteworthy events such as the Atlantic Charter between the US and the UK being signed aboard the HMS Prince of Wales. |
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Gohbhined |
Re: "most noteworthy"... | ||
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Posts: 55 (01/15/04 10:03:53) |
I have to lean a bit on USAF's side on the Yamato issue. Japanese steelmaking technology at that time wasn't up to world class standard. The US lead the world at that time. Could the Yamato's shells have penetrated the Iowa's armor or would they have been destroyed upon impact? One thing is certain, the 16/50 and 2700 lbs shells had no problem penetrating Yamato armor. Visit the Washington Naval yard and observe the damage done to a piece of Yamato's armor during a post-war test.
Also, I believe the Yamato class was the first all-Japanese battleship built. This raises the caution light. I can recall one instance that the Musashi fired an 18.1" anti-aircraft shell (!!??) for the first time, in battle...the Japanese had no idea if it would work, or how.....and managed to damage the gun and turret. Even conceding that perhpas the Yamato's metallurgy was up to the task, she would have been soundly and swiftly sunk by any of the fast American battleships (Mass, SD, Iowa), as they had a speed advantage AND superior fire control, thus enabling them to strike at will and at the advantage. |
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USAFcop |
Re: "most noteworthy"... | ||
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Posts: 136 (01/15/04 10:48:18) |
Goh said much of what I had written earlier, prior to being wiped
American fire control and fire radar was much better. So she could place the shells much more accurately, especially at distance, and especially the superior shells produced in America. You see heres the thing. Yamato, and sister, Musashi, were both ancient history by the time they were launched off their quays. They were nice things to look at but in naval warfare terms they were dinosaurs. They could have made an impact at Jutland but in the "new naval war" of the '40s and beyond they werent worth the price of their steel. The Iowas on the other hand were marvelous designs that meshed perfectly with the Battlewagons new role in naval warfare. That of picket and screener for the carriers and gunnery support for amphibious landings. The Yamato had squat for AA. Even after being re-fitted she was no-where near the AA platform Iowa was. She didnt have the fire control of the Yank battlewagons evn if she had landings to support, which she didnt. Even against destroyers, PT boats, and 3rd rate escort carriers in the Leyte Gulf the Yamato went running. Tho at least she fired her guns, the Musashi didnt even do that. """"Numbered for easy reference! 1) Is there any basis for saying the 16in shell was ballistically more efficient? 2) Why harp on barrel wear? Yamato had an average barrel life. What's this "heavy price" you're referring to? 3) How is the shell that causes less damage considered to be superior? 4) "The theory behind Yamato was to just plate everything, everywhere." You need to realize how extremely wrong this statement is. There are many good sources for info on Yamato's armor; it should be fairly easy to track one down. """""" In answer to your questions. #1, Yes. The 16" penetrated as well, was more accurate, had better shells, less barrel wear, and was near equal in velocity. #2, The Iowas 16" guns had almost twice the barrel lining life. #3, The 16s didnt cause "less" damage. They penetrated as well as the 18.1s, were fired from a more accurate platform, and were more lethal at range. Strangely the 18.1s only superioritys were at close range and underwater. Both largely irrelavant. #4, I have tracked down many "good sources". I agree the Yamato had "more" armor, tho not better. The Iowas used "better" armor with better placement of it. We Americans correctly figured what the battlewagons new role would be in modern naval warfare and the Iowas reflected that. Her AA capabiltys were outstanding, especially with the new proximity fuses coming on-line. Yamato and Musashi had service lives of very little note. They both died in-glorius deaths, victims of the new reality called "The age of the Carrier". Many, if not most, of the Jap naval planners spent the 2nd half of the war cussing at why they didnt produce more carrier hulls instead of building such worthless designs as the Yamato. When I think of the Yamato I think about her running out of the Leyte Gulf, at full speed, with 2 Yank torpedos chaseing her, fired from destroyers , and DEs, 1/4 her size. With land attack dive bombers, from 3rd rate Yank escort carriers, harrassing her. She was basically "beat" by Americas least affective naval warfare group, the land attack elements of Taffy-lll . Her little sister battleships Fuso and Yamashiro, as well as the cruisers and destroyers in their group, took a terrible mauling in The Surigao straight, and from Pre-WW-ll era American battleships, only one of which fired 16" shells. When I hear about these famous Jap battlewagons thats what I think of. They couldn't even hold their own against our 2nd and 3rd strings. I think South Dakota was more then a match for Yamato. Against Iowa she would have been slaughtered. |
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Tiornu |
Re: "most noteworthy"... | ||
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Posts: 87 (01/15/04 15:26:01) |
Let me get through this quickly before the cyber-trolls do to me what they do to USAFcop. First reactions to Gohbhined:
I think we're beginning to uncover some of the fallacies propagated by popular literature. Yamato's armor "recipe" was little advanced from WWI days. However, the quality control was unsurpassed, and skunkie plates would be non-existent. American plates had pretty good QC as well, but the face-hardened armor suffered from a wrong turn the US made in the days before WWI. Against the very largest shells, American face-hardened armor was WORSE than Japanese. There appears to have been some realization of this problem as the modern US battleships all had homogenous turret faceplates, a feature never seen in foreign dreadnoughts. Unfortunately, Japanese shells were great at penetrating homogenous armor. If you'd like to compare the two ships one-on-one, Yamato has quite a substantial immune zone to Iowa's shells encompassing most of the 20,000's of yards, while Iowa has little or no immune zone to Yamato's shells. Some compensation could be had in Iowa's ability to fire reduced charges; this comes with the obvious penalties. There is a range band just under 20,000 yards, where Iowa's shells could survive an impact with Yamato's belt better than vice versa. This means the Japanese shells would be more likely to have the explosive cavity exposed, rendering the burster inert but not preventing damage from the impact itself. I shudder to consider the consequences of these two ships slugging it out at such short range. Speaking of which, we need to reconsider the significance of the Shinano faceplate that was penetrated during a 16in shell trial. Neither of the hits replicated anything that relates to real-world conditions; in order to recreate that hit that penetrated, you would have to put Iowa c20,000 yards away from Yamato and induce a 30deg list in the target to provide the most accommodating angle of impact. In the real world Iowa could not hope to do anything but crack the faceplate, and even that would be unlikely. I don't know how to define an "all-Japanese battleship." I guess Nagato fits the bill, completed in 1920. The story of the barrel damage from the Type 3 shell is just plain wrong. The Japanese had fired hundreds of Type 3 shells starting from October 1943. Musashi's damage resulted when an American bomb landed on the muzzle of her gun and detonated a shell in the chamber. SoDak and North Carolina have a speed advantage over Yamato? No FC system allows hits at will. Iowa's first bit of gunnery involved a target that was dead in the water and only 15,000 yards away. She fired eight salvos and scored no hits. We can all agree that Iowa's FC was superior to Yamato's, but let's not exaggerate the ramifications of that. Now reactions to USAFcop: Yamato's belt was angled more acutely than Iowa's (by 1 whole degree). But unlike Iowa Yamato also has beneficial deck and bulkhead angles. So how is Iowa's armor "smarter." I urge all, once again, to consult armor schematics. You shouldn't need me to describe these basics when good references abound. Pick up a copy of Garzke & Dulin's Axis BB book or Skulski's Yamato Anatomy book. If I haven't posted this earlier, here it is: Yamato's barrel life was 250 EFC, Iowa's was 290 EFC. That's not a major difference. Iowa was a superior carrier escort by almost any definition. Her AA ability is far superior. No one who understands that the Japanese developed one of the best HA FC systems in the world would say Yamato had squat for AA. I hope I'm not coming off as rude, but you're saying things that remind of someone claiming Nolan Ryan had to be a finesse pitcher because he had no fastball. Many of the things I'm relating here are readily available in published material. Just make sure you're dealing with credible sources like Warship International, G&D, Skulski, Richard Worth (Hee!), etc. Yamato never got anywhere near a PT-boat. I asked if there was any basis for saying the 16in shell was ballistically more efficient; you responded with several irrelevancies plus the admission that Yamato fired at higher velocity. You also claimed that a 2700-lb shell with less kinetic and less chemical energy would not cause less damage than a 3219-lb shell with more kinetic and more chemical energy. And apparently, you're okay with that. There were two battleships at Surigao Strait with 16in guns, but you're right that only one was firing. The other couldn't even see a target to shoot at. Well, actually she did fire one salvo, but not at anything in particular, just "clearing the guns through the muzzles." If you want to continue your worship of Americana, then I guess it's appropriate to cherry-pick your facts. How come you trumpet Japanese failures, but fail to mention how SoDak fared in her first battle? How many ships suffer the ignominy of knocking themselves out? Why not mention Iowa's first combat, where she couldn't hit a thing with her ultra-ballistically-efficient 16in shells? If you really want to understand this stuff, divest yourself of all the emotional stock in Iowa-worship. |
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